Tragic Hero And Tragic Flaw English Literature Essay

Tragic chock And Tragic Flaw English Literature EssayW. Hamilton Fyfe in his book Aristotles Art of Poetry utmostlighted that Aristotle was the world-class critic of literature to suck up the dis confusableity between moral and visual condition. He is specific in his vision that they extremity of cataclysm is to give delight, strange kind of pleasure which go with the release of disembodied spirit result through the stage performance of a catastrophe. The mankind interest holds us. He as well as shares the feelings of flock desire Othello or Macbeth. These are only volume like us, yet fewhow, even in the twain contemporary dramas, increase to a superior power. W .H. Fyfe in like manner clear that they achieve to some completion more than human egotism-respect. And yet we ripey distri notwithstandinge their feelings and share them more easily and exactly beca wasting disease the poet has unfit all those conditions and thought which in real life perplex our feeling s and reject our pleasure. W. H. Fyfe also clarify that Aristotles give his emotion in dramatic form and, as we share it, it be arranges our declare. If the tragedy has its way with us, our secreted emotion and maybe also the physical discharge of tears is released, and when the storm of thrill settle, we are left with a awareness of pleasurable relief. We stand the same sense of worried, tensions de boundined in pleasurable relief when we are knock over with our problems we sit d consume to watch some movies or starts reading books or listen to the music which gave us soothing effect. In the same way W. H. Fyfe also express that great poem or a great picture two stimulate and relieves our emotions. concord to him Athenian tragedy combined all these carry poetry, music, pictorial expression it carried the yet stronger and more popular demand of a thrilling story and presents in the great open-air theatre of Dionysus the strengthening group of large number. It was really a bold step. People who coun calland their panic by reading careless accounts of football and racing, adultery and murder, might better their health by means of this safer and ofttimes more plea blurtg form of relief. It still exists and great works of art come so hardly ever within our reach that t here is no danger in folly in such activity to get pleasure. This is all to the highest degree the W. H. Fyfe point of place slightly the aroused effect of tragedy.In one of the term paper named Tragic Hero (www.planetpaper.com). He said that Aristotle set forth a sad gunslinger as being a person who, through a deface, in their sustain caseful, is brought from a high spot and learns to put one across clearly before their birth destruction. In the Theban forgather. King Oedipus, Oedipus is considered to be a sad hero after his mother and father try to range fate, then later when Oedipus discovered his own fate, he tried to cheat his fate so here I may say that it was his own indigent will also lonesome(prenominal) in honor terminationing up where fate had designed. Another Theban flow, Antigone, also compose by Sophocles includes Oedipus daughter, Antigone, as the sad hero when she dies for what she believes in. A main(prenominal) fount of all tragedy bump can be a tragic hero due to his own error of judgment or he may be the puppet in the hand of fate.Now in my first chapter of Analysis I postulate to high light some rules and regulation of tragedy and tragic hero given by Aristotle. foremost I would like to talk some Aristotelic tragic hero. He emphasize that the tragic hero of any(prenominal) play should belong to reputed family and he must fall from propriety into misfortunate not due to any villainies book of facts but due to his own error of judgment or due to his fate. To this point I want to give the example of Shakespearean Macbeth and Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus. These two character are the best example of Aristotel ian tragic hero both the character belong to reputed family and their own error of judgment became the cause of their ruin.According to AristotleThe hero of any tragedy ancient or modern must be one whom we study as a fine fellow. He sure need not be of reasoned family or even in high station those requirements were peculiar to Greek drama. (Fyfe, W.H.196325)A.C Bradley in (1935) given a underdress on Hamlet, Othello, Kinglear and Macbeth. He said we see men and women ego-assuredly arresting into the obtainable order of things in interest of their thoughts but what they accomplish is not what they designed, in fact it is awfully incompatible what they thought. In Shakespearean play Othello is trapped in his own demonic deeds which he designed for others. Hamlet react from the emphasised duty of revenge is pushed into blood sin he never vision of and enforced at in the end on the revenge in actual he dont want to do this. E realwhere in the tragedy mans thought translated into action is changed into the opposite of itself. All the action which is mentioned above is due to their own blemish in their character. Yet, by itself it would hardly put forward the bringing close together of fate but in actual it shows their own free will it shows man as, in some degree, however, slight the cause of his own downfall.Character itself contributes to the feelings of unavoidableness which is not due to their fate but through their free will instantaneously here I want to give the example of King Macbeth because his down fall occurred due to his own pushy temperament and other example I want to give is about Dr Faustus whose downfall occurred due to his own free will.Some people thought fate in Shakespeare can be described as a moral order and its necessity as a moral essential. But in my point of billet fate and free will are the two sides of a same coin. These thing brings into the light those aspects of the tragic fact which the idea of fate and free will throws into the shade leading to the argument, whatever may be said of accidents, circumstances and the like human action is after all presented to us as the fundamental fact in tragedy and also as the main cause of the catastrophe.The moral necessity which so such(prenominal) impresses us is, after all, chiefly the necessary connection between actions and con chronological sequences for those actions we without even raising on the subject. The agents responsible and the tragedy would disappear from us if we did not. The central action is in greater or lesser degree, wrong or bad. The catastrophe is the main is the return of this action o the head of the agent.CHAPTER 2 oddball OF DR- FAUSTUS.In one of the term paper named Dr Faustus duality in doctor value in Faustus (www.planetpapper.com). The tec highlight that Christopher Marlowe the heroic Christian tragedy, Doctor Faustus, the central character, Dr. Faustus, fight back between subsequent theology and the Tempter. Faustus, who is a mystery in himself, is competent of fabulous expressiveness and determined loss of sight. According to police detective Faustus refusal to see what is truth and what is fiction is a result of his self-important situation. Dr Faustus in his mission to turn out to be supreme, Faustus not succeeds to see that there is life after death and that his bits and pieces belongings are of no significance. researcher emphasize on that Faustus is a contributor in his own internal war of noesis or salvation. Faustus inner chaos gives way to the main connotation within the play He also highlights substantialisation of that era in his research medieval morals versus Renaissance ideals. Faustus upsetting end serves not only as a message to all but also gives justice to the age-old formula Marlowe pictorial matter of Faustus leads one to the principal idea of duality in culture of his era in which Medieval values conflict with those of the Renaissance.Marlowes Doctor Faustus is the f irst major(ip) Elizabethan tragedy and the first to see the sights of the tragic possibilities of the take conflict of Renaissance compulsions with the Hebraic Christian tradition. Marlowe sinned, suffered regret and was invoke.Faustus in thought and deed, threatening, philosophizing, disputing, artifice, defying God and ris queen regnant all with a prosper does not put forward the lay character of moralities. Marlowe interpreted into the old medieval equating the new, unsolved and frighteningly vague lively of the renaissance, gave it a charm and a dignity never cognize in previous treatments of the story, and made Faustus, rather than Hamlet, the first modern man.The play introduced the modern tragic radical of the alienated soul. Faustus is tragic because he fill outn the problem as actual. Even as he claims the exemption of his soul, he hears the terrified echoes thundering in his ears like Macbeth Dr. Faustus is a man who of his own wide circumspect determination brings tragedy and suffering cashing down upon his head, the pitiful and fearful victim of his own overambitious and desires.The jeering with which Marlowe usually invests the downfall of his Protagonists is an irony based on these reasonable c oncepts of sin and damnation, and vividly expressed in two major patterns of action the monotonous pattern of ethical preference leading to the option of eldritch demolition, and the pattern of dissimilarity between Faustus grand imaginative designs and the real, stupid activities of his magical career.Marlowe devotes his first stab to a careful staging of Faustus decision to take up magic. One by one the fields of material education are rejected because their ends not satisfy his demand but notice what the demand is. He does not pursue knowledge for the sake of truth, but for power, for superhuman power, the power over life and death.We buzz off Marlowes hero Faustus, he sold his soul to the Devil in order to sack up super human power through knowledge by mastering the Un-Holey art of magic and thus he says to himself.J. C. maxwell in (1947) (89-94) in his research of The Sin of Faustus. His purpose is to keep a due measure of economic aid direct upon that side of the theme is to recognize Faustus central act of sin for what it is. He said that his major sin on which his whole research revolve is Faustus pride and his curiosity. He said that pride is the last inception of Faustus fall and sensuality is pervasive element of his character after it. However, curiosity is most notably operative in the conduct of the action. Moreover, J. C. Maxwell said that it is largely owing to a failure to encompass the nature as indeed the existence, of this sin that there has arise the misrepresentations of Marlowes purpose, which have seen in Faustus largely. J. C. Maxwell also said that to him the points arising out of this examination that look to me important for understanding of the play are No mechanical press on the pervad ing and increasing sensualist of Faustus ought to difficult to understand the fact that he falls, like man and like Lucifer himself, through the spiritual sin of pride. J. C. Maxwell highlights pride, sensuality and curiosity as the major sin of Dr. Faustus. However, I somewhat disagree with this consequence because his major sin was his over ambitious nature to forgather the knowledge of the whole universe. J. C. Maxwell talks about curiosity but not in this manner, he says that Faustus is scrutinizing to get the pride. But in my point of view he is curious to gain the knowledge and ambitious to be the god.Kaitlyn Cavanaugh in (2008) wrote an article named Faustus as a tragic hero(www.writinghood.com) range attention to many traits of Dr Faustus character and said There may be dissimilar or changeable ways of loo poof at assured characters and enlightening them as a certain type of character. In Christopher Marlowes play Doctor Faustus, the main character, Doctor Faustus, could be described and exposed as a tragic hero, similarly to other tragic characters, such as Sophocles Oedipus and Shakespeares Macbeth may also be described as such. There are different features and reputation, which would make these characters be considered as tragic heroes rather than another type of character. In Marlowes play, the main character, Faustus, brings his own downfall by the end of the story. In his curtain raising speech, Faustus tells and explains the audience and the readers that he made himself expert in law, medicine and divinity, but he wants to know more than what he knows and also know more about other things in short his intention was to become a god. This aspect of Faustus, his curiosity to learn and know more, may be thought of as part of the human condition and human nature and isnt something that is seen as wrong in our society. However, this aspect also blinds Faustus from a sense of reason and right from wrong. This in the end leads the main character o f Doctor Faustus to make an agreement with the devil, which results in Faustus downfall. This aspect of Faustus character and personality is similar to Oedipus, in Sophocles Oedipus Rex. Oedipus pride blinds him from seeing truth, reason, as well as the difference from right and wrong, which leads to and results in the characters downfall and to the main character of Sophocles play, Oedipus, stabbing his eyes out. This feature will lead to the characteristic and fact that, by doing these mistakes or flaws, the tragic heroes are doomed from the beginning and the audience and readers know the fate of these characters is sealed. And for the tragic hero is just that, a tragic hero or tragic character, this type of character has to be doomed from the beginning of the play, but doesnt hold any responsibility for possessing his flaw or fault. This may be seen in Faustus. From the beginning of the play, from the time that he tells the audience and readers that he wants to acquire more knowl edge and especially when he signs the, the audience and readers may that Faustus is doomed to have a less than perfect and happy ending. Much like Faustus, Oedipus fate is sealed when he refuses to see the truth, even when its standing right in front of him. though these two tragic heroes may feel some sense of guilt about their actions, neither Faustus nor Oedipus seem feeling some sense of guilt or responsibility of their flaw.These aspects are a few attributes and features that think of a tragic hero. Most of these attributes may be applied to Faustus. Throughout the article it is highlighted that the most bombastic trait of Dr Faustus character was his ambitious nature which became the reason of his downfall.CHAPTER 3CHARACTER OF KING- MACBETH.In one of the term paper named Macbeth (www.planetpaper.com) the researcher highlights the main points of Macbeths character. He said in the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, he finger out that Macbeth is a tragic hero. Macbeth is r eally ambitious, daring, and an ethically coward all these things lead to his tragic death at the end of the play. At the beginning of the play, Shakespeare characterizes Macbeth as a hero very evidently from the bravery in guard of Scotland is important in the curtain raising movie. However, he is very ambitious to be king. And this thing spinning top the disallow trait in Macbeths character.In one of the research paper named Macbeth as a cataclysm According To Aristotles Definition. (www.123 suspensorme.com).Researcher highlights some of the characteristic of Macbeths personality. He first compares Macbeths character with qualities of tragic hero set by Greek philosopher Aristotle. Researcher highlight that the genre of some works of literature can be discuss, Macbeth written by William Shakespeare seems to fit into a ideal shape of Aristotles definition of a tragedy, unite seven elements that he believes make the type of a work a tragedy, is that pattern. Demonstrate all sev en aspects Macbeth fits the definition of tragedy specifically. According to him elements in the play verify the fact that Macbethis a serious story, the first elements of Aristotles definition. In provoke of the outcome of the play, Macbeth was a reliable and great man, one of elements in the definition of tragedy. Macbeth was an admirable man whom held the position of the Thane of Glam and was victorious in battle. This success jockstraped him take escape of admiration from Duncan, very good deed discover by few. The most important detail that Macbeth is truly not just a good but a great man is the fact that at first, even though Lady Macbeth pleaded for him to kill Duncan, he refuse. Through Lady Macbeths scheming ways brought about by her hunger for power and position, he did certainly kill him and others though. Yet, this in itself if analyze prove he is a great man. Through tactical think and cunning wits, he was able to murder, and briefly gets away with it. Yet, every g reat man must have a single flaw, which they give into, as declared in the definition of a tragedy. Macbeths flaw was rivalry, brought about by Lady Macbeth and the witches. Through the imagery they created of him as a noble, bold and successful King, he let his rivalrys get the best of him, which led to murder, deceit, cheating and eventually tragedy. The ambition in him was not at full smother until the witches and his married woman fully brought it out of him yet, it was a flaw, unlike a curable condition or problem, which he could not prevail over, not even by fate. The aspect of a flaw that the good or great man cannot overcome by fate is the fourth element in Aristotles readjustment of a tragedy.This research paper highlight all the traits of Macbeths character that in the start of the play Shakespeare portrays Macbeths character as a noble, kind hearted, victorious, and people and King Duncan valued him a lot. But later in the play we came to know his actual character tha t he is ill eared and easily get manipulated by witches and his married woman lady Macbeth. Macbeth ambitious nature became the cause of his downfall or we can say that his tragic flaw is his own nature.Marilyn French in 1982 wrote a term paper named Macbeth and masculine values (pg no 14-24) draw attention to many aspect of Macbeths character and said that there is an uncertainty about gender role in Macbeth. She said that Macbeth is brave, valors follower, courageous cousin and praise worthy men. Most of the praise comes from Duncan the king. In conclusion she said a tragedy she accept without tendency the decision that Macbeth is exterminate. Throughout the play, manhood is equated with the ability to kill. She also highlights the factor responsible in killing king Duncan is Lady Macbeth who convinced Macbeth to do so. But I am not agree with the point of view of Marilyn because Macbeth himself is overambitious to gain the power and to achieve the farming as we have seen throug hout the play Macbeth is committing sin after sin in order to gain the power. Now if Marilyn is making Lady Macbeth responsible for Macbeths down fall is not true because Lady Macbeth persuaded Macbeth once and that is to murder the king Duncan but not his son and not his friend Banquo so it is clear that Macbeth is to goddam for his own dreadful mistake.In one of the research paper named The question of justice in Macbeth (www.123helpme.com) the researcher is emphasizing in the play Macbeth, many different choices are brought onward to a positive character and the result that is chosen affects the entire play. The researcher analyzed the results of these actions can be a positive or prejudicious conclusion towards the character. As is represented in the play Macbeth, justice always prevails due to the wicked characters developing sense of regret or the character receiving fair punishment. This shows some traits of Macbeths character.To give clear idea of Macbeths character I aga in want to high light some of the points from one of the research named The personality of Macbeth(www.123helpme.com). In his research researcher highlight that Macbeth down fall is due to natural law in which person his own choice to select his means has. He also emphasize that Macbeth also has his own choice either he want to go with the prophecy of witches or to act as his wife want him to act so it is clear that it is totally depend upon his own will and his will is to became the king and want to attain the power. This thing clarifies that is ambition became the reason of his down fall.CHAPTER 4COMPARISION BETWEEN DR-FAUSTUS AND MACBETHS TRAGIC FLAW.Firstly we can consider the ways in which the play starts it explore the mystic in the gap shooting of Macbeth and Dr Faustus.The mystical is a powerful theme that constantly appears throughout the opening picture shows of Shakespeares Macbeth and Marlowes Dr Faustus. Continuously throughout the opening scenes the supernatural is used as a way to introduce suspense, horror and feeling of doubts in to the play and help in the awakening of the audiences thoughts.In Macbeth the plan of the supernatural is introduced to the audience straight away, as Shakespeare opens the scene opens with three witches. During the time that Macbeth was written the idea and belief that witches truly survive would have been taken staggeringly sincerely by Shakespeares audience as witches were thought to be real beings. Using witches in the opening scene automatically build an environment and let the audience to recognize that the play that they are about to watch is going to have a gloomy, perplexing and fear-provoking feeling to it, as witches are usually link as wicked being.Shakespeare also uses pitiable misleading notion to generate the sense of the supernatural. Thunder and lightning, this apparatus is also used as a way to establish the ambience of the opening scene. Setting the scene early in the opening of the play allo ws the audience to become aware that the character of the opening scene is going to be fairly severe and sinister, which allow the audience to absorb themselves entirely in the play. The use of pitiable myth in the opening scene also enhances the idea that witches are evil beings as both the description of the weather and defined the ideas that Shakespeares audience would have had about witches portray extremely negative association.In dissimilarity to Shakespeares Macbeth, Marlowe uses the idea of the supernatural in the opening scene of Dr Faustus in a much more positive way. In the opening scene Marlowe uses his own thought to introduce the views of the play Dr Faustus. This is all about the comparison and contrast of the start of both the plays. The starting scene of both the play to some extent is similar and that is they started with the super natural character. There is one more similarity in the opening of the play that both the writers portray their main character as a nobl e person belongs to good family kind hearted. This is all about the play. Now I want to drag your attention to the similarities and dissimilarities in Macbeths and Dr Faustus characters.In one of the essay named Dr Faustus VS Macbeth (www.exampleessay.com) the essayist highlights the some of the similarities of both the character. In many ways, Macbeth and Dr. Faustus follow the same sequence as their characters poor preference cause them to distortion downfall which they never thought. The universal truth of the Faust reputation is obvious in Macbeth. It can be seen through his decisions all over the play. These decisions are what cause his sequence from an honorable man in the beginning to an evil cruel king in the end.Macbeth and Dr. Faustus are very much alike. In the plays they both sold their soul to the devil to attain the knowledge and power. Macbeth didnt literally apportion his soul to the devil as Faustus did, but he also get under the influence of evil character that r witches.This is all about the similarities and dissimilarities of both the character. Now come to the main point that what is the tragic flaw in both the character? In my opinion the tragic flaw of both the characters is their own ambitious nature. They both are very ambitious to attain power and knowledge but to be ambitious is not a wrong thing but to attain their ambition they uses false path or in short I want to say they became blind to achieve their ambition now this is their tragic flaw. To justify my point I want highlight some researcher point of view.In one of the essay named Vaulting ambition and downfall(www.directessay.com) the essayist emphasizes on the reason of Macbeths downfall is his curvet ambition, though it is what bring him power but is also the same which lead him to his down fall. According to essayist vaulting ambition is Macbeths only flaw. Essayist also highlight positive side of his ambition that through his ambitious nature he won my battles because at that time his only ambition is to praise by people but later on in the play his ambitious nature portray by Shakespeare in a darker way that his lust to achieve power and to became the king of Scotland moved his positive ambitious nature into a negative way and he commit sin after sin to achieve his ambition. This became his tragic flaw.W.W. Greg in (1946) (71-88) research Reason of Damnation of Faustus. He highlights many reasons due to which Faustus was damned. First in his research, he said that Valdes and Cornelius are the reason of Faustus Downfall they attract Faustus towards magic in a way they want to do evil deeds from the back of Faustus and they do not want to be punish their self in the end. In addition, the second reason which WW. Greg highlight in research is the pact, which Faustus signs with the Devil, which became the reason for his damnation. But I am not agree with his reason because these all things come afterward in my point of view the main reason of his damna tion is his over ambitiousness nature because Faustus himself was very much curious to gain the knowledge of magic. W.W. Greg in his research uses the word of ambition but not in a negative manner. He said that Faustus ambition was positive to learn as he want to serve the people in a positive way but I again disagree with his point of view that if he was positive he will never try evil deeds. I believe that from the very first part of the play he is over ambitious because we can clearly see that how much he is thirsty for knowledge and this thing lead him to his downfall. Here we can easily compare both Macbeth and Dr Faustus character flaw is their over ambitious nature which became the reason of their own downfall.So it is clear that Shakespearean Macbeth and Christopher Marlows Dr-Faustus share same personality traits both are noble in start there ambition were positive in the start of the play as Faustus want to earn education of magic to help people to help his country in secu rity reasons but when he achieve that knowledge his ambition change in to negative he start teasing people in order to help them. In the end he became totally self-centered and to achieve his ambition he sold his doctor to devil. So it is cleared that ambitious nature of both the character became there tragic flaw and they were damned in the end which is totally their own choice they selected their deaths by their own free will.CONCLUSION umteen researcher highlighted different reason of tragic flaw in Shakespearean Macbeth and Marlows Dr Faustus some are as follows. W.W. Greg in (1946) (71-88) research Reason of Damnation of Faustus. He highlights many reasons due to which Faustus was damned. First in his research, he said that Valdes and Cornelius are the reason of Faustus Downfall they attract Faustus towards magic in a way they want to do evil deeds from the back of Faustus and they do not want to be punish their self in the end. In addition, the second reason which WW. Greg hi ghlight in research is the pact, which Faustus signs with the Devil, which became the reason for his damnation. J. C. Maxwell in (1947) (89-94) in his research of The Sin of Faustus. His purpose is to keep a due measure of attention directed upon that side of the theme is to recognize Faustus central act of sin for what it is. He said that his major sin on which his whole research revolve is Faustus pride and his curiosity. He said that pride is the ultimate source of Faustus fall and sensuality is pervasive element of his character after it. Marilyn French in 1982 wrote a term paper named Macbeth and masculine values (pg no 14-24) draw attention to many aspect of Macbeths character and said that there is an uncertainty about gender role in Macbeth. She said that Macbeth is brave, valors follower, courageous cousin and praise worthy men. Most of the praise comes from Duncan the king. In conclusion she said a tragedy she accept without object the decision that Macbeth is exterminate. Throughout the play, manhood is equated with the ability to kill. She also highlights the factor responsible in killing king Duncan is Lady Macbeth who convinced Macbeth to do so.But on the bases of this analysis the result what results comes out is that the tragic flaw of both the character is their own ambitious nature although whoever motivate them to commit sin but at end it was their own decision.